近日,英国新冠疫情传出噩耗,一种变异的新冠病毒正在伦敦和英格兰东南部地区迅速蔓延,它的传染性与原始毒株相比暴增了70%。
新冠病毒变异种在英国境内部分地区迅速蔓延一事,也引起了其他国家的密切关注。
随着新冠肺炎症状进一步显现,英国部分感染新冠病毒长达数周或数月的人嗅觉出现扭曲。英国专家称,这种不寻常的副作用为“嗅觉倒错”。
People suffering from long COVID are reporting a strong smell of fish, sulphur and a sweet sickly odour, as further symptoms of the virus emerge.
随着新冠病毒的进一步症状出现,部分感染新冠病毒的患者莫名闻到强烈的鱼腥味、硫磺味和甜腻的味道。
The unusual side-effect is known as parosmia – meaning a distortion of smell – and may be disproportionately affecting young people and healthcare workers.
这种不寻常的副作用被称为嗅觉倒错,意思是嗅觉扭曲,对年轻人和医护人员的影响可能更大。
Ear, nose and throat (ENT) surgeon Professor Nirmal Kumar called the symptom “very strange and very unique”.
英国耳鼻喉科医生尼玛尔·库马尔(Nirmal Kumar)认为,这种症状“非常奇怪,非常少见”。
He urged Public Health England to add it to the symptom list months before it became official guidance.
他敦促英国公共卫生部 将此症状列入新冠肺炎症状清单。
He has now noted that among the thousands of patients being treated for long-term anosmia across the UK, some are experiencing parosmia.
他注意到,在英国成千上万接受长期嗅觉丧失治疗的患者中,有些人正在经历嗅觉丧失。
Prof Kumar told Sky News that patients experience olfactory hallucinations, meaning “sense of smell is distorted, and mostly unpleasantly, unfortunately”.
库马尔教授告诉天空新闻,患者会出现嗅觉幻觉,这意味着“嗅觉被扭曲,大部分情况下是令人不快的,很不幸的”。
He added that it is “really disturbing patients and their quality of life is hugely impacted”.
他补充说,这“让患者感到不安,严重影响了他们的生活质量”。
根据现有数据,感染新型冠状病毒并发展为新冠肺炎的人可以在症状首次出现后大约2周从这种疾病中康复。
对于更严重的新冠肺炎病例,医生观察到他们的病人可能需要6周才能康复。
然而,越来越多的人站出来报告说,他们在疾病消退后的几周或几个月内都会出现症状。
这种现象似乎如此普遍,以至于它现在有了一个名字:Long COVID。
Long COVID is a term to describe the effects of coronavirus that can continue for weeks or months beyond the initial illness.
Long COVID是描述冠状病毒影响的术语,这种影响可在患病后持续数周或数月。
Describing it as a “neurotropic virus”, Prof Kumar explained: “This virus has an affinity for the nerves in the head and in particular, the nerve that controls the sense of smell.
库马尔教授将其描述为一种“嗜神经病毒”,他解释说:“这种病毒对大脑中的神经有吸引力,特别是控制嗅觉的神经。
“But it probably affects other nerves too and it affects, we think, neurotransmitters – the mechanisms that send messages to the brain.”
“但它可能也会影响其他神经,我们认为,它会影响神经递质——向大脑发送信息的机制。”
He added: “Some people are reporting hallucinations, sleep disturbances, alterations in hearing.
他补充说:“一些人出现幻觉、睡眠障碍和听力改变。
“We don’t know exact mechanisms, but we and finding ways to try and help patients recover.”
“我们不知道确切的机制,但我们正在寻找帮助病人康复的方法。”
Daniel Saveski, a 24-year-old banker living in London, said he lost his sense of taste and smell for two weeks after contracting coronavirus in March, and has been suffering with parosmia since.
住在伦敦的24岁银行工作者丹尼尔·萨维斯基表示,他在今年3月感染冠状病毒后有两周失去了味觉和嗅觉,之后一直受到嗅觉倒错的困扰。
Mr Saveski, from West Yorkshire, said strong-smelling things like bins now have a burning, sulphur-like odour, or smell “like toast”.
来自西约克郡的Saveski先生说,经常闻到像垃圾箱这样气味强烈的东西,现在则是有一种燃烧的、类似硫磺的气味,或者“像烤面包”的味道。
He added: “It’s lessened my enjoyment of food, and it’s a bit depressing not being able to smell certain foods.”
他补充说:“这是我无法享受美食,而且闻不到某些食物的味道也让我有点郁闷。”
报道称,为嗅觉障碍患者提供帮助的英国慈善机构AbScent目前正与英国鼻科学协会合作,以研发治疗方法。
他们建议遭受轻症困扰的人要接受“气味训练”,包括每天闻玫瑰、柠檬、丁香和桉树油约20秒钟,以期逐渐恢复嗅觉。
图文转自:BBC英语
编辑排版:任思琪
学生审核:陈子尧
教师审核:于 健
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